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A Week in the Bush Vol. 598

on Jun 24, 2026

After Golonyi moved her cubs from their previous den site, we found her settled in a new rocky outcrop. The cubs were full of energy and playfulness, seemingly reassured by their mother's return and the security her presence provides. At this age, they are still growing into their bodies, learning important skills such as climbing, jumping, and running. Although their balance is often questionable, every stumble and misstep helps them discover what they are capable of. Later, Golonyi climbed higher onto the rocky outcrop to rest, maintaining a vigilant watch over the surrounding area and ensuring that no predators or scavengers could catch her or the cubs off guard.

One of Golonyi’s young leopard cubs perched on a rocky outcrop near the den site.
Benjamin Loon - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE
Golonyi’s playful leopard cubs exploring their rocky den under their mother’s watchful eye.
Benjamin Loon - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE
Golonyi’s cubs moving confidently near their new den site.
Ruan Mey - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE
Young leopard cub navigating the grassy terrain while learning to climb and explore.
Ruan Mey - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE
Leopard cub resting among rocks near Golonyi’s den site in the Sabi Sand bushveld.
Ruan Mey - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE
Playful leopard cubs interacting on a rocky outcrop while developing coordination and balance.
Josh Duffus - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE
Golonyi’s cubs exploring their surroundings and practising climbing skills on rocks.
Josh Duffus - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE
Curious leopard cub standing alert among boulders near the family den.
Josh Duffus - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE

A scene of blood and stomach contents with tracks and got our ranger and tracker teams off the vehicles to follow up on the fresh trail. The drag marks indicated that a female leopard killed a small animal, but unfortunately hyenas stole her kill. We continued to follow her tracks that led us to a large termite mound surrounded by Tamboti trees, where the Ntsumi leopardess sat grooming herself.

Ntsumi female leopard grooming herself beside a termite mound after losing a kill to hyenas.
Jana du Plessis - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE

We came across an impala kill hoisted high in a Marula tree, but there was no sign of the leopard responsible. Later, during our rainy afternoon safari, we found the Ntsumi female feeding on the impala alongside her cub. While the cub fed, Ntsumi remained alert, scanning the surrounding bush for any signs of potential danger before settling down to groom herself after the meal.

By hoisting her kill into a tree before retrieving her cub, Ntsumi reduces the risk of losing the carcass to terrestrial predators such as hyenas or lions. Once the cub joins her in the tree, it also provides an important learning opportunity. From a young age, leopard cubs begin developing climbing and feeding skills in the safety of the branches - abilities that will become essential for survival as they grow older.

Should the mother need to leave briefly to fetch another cub or visit a nearby water source, she can do so knowing that both the cub and the kill remain relatively safe from potential threats on the ground.

Ntsumi and her cub feeding on an impala kill safely hoisted in a marula tree.
Jana du Plessis - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE
Leopard cub feeding on an impala carcass while Ntsumi remains alert for danger.
Josh Duffus - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE
Ntsumi’s cub feeding in the branches beside a hoisted impala kill.
Mel - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE
Ntsumi and her cub resting in a tree after feeding on an impala kill.
Josh Duffus - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE
Young leopard cub learning feeding skills while perched in a tree with its mother.
Mel - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE
Ntsumi’s cub moving through the grasslands
Ruan Mey - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE
Young leopard cub resting among tall grass after feeding on a hoisted carcass.
Ruan Mey - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE
Leopard cub observing the surroundings from the safety of tall grass.
Ruan Mey - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE

 

Early one morning, the Golonyi female was making her way back towards her den site, moving cautiously and constantly checking her surroundings. A large herd of buffalo was in the area, and male lions had also been active nearby, making her particularly vigilant.

Female leopards are extremely careful around their den sites, as they avoid leading predators or scavengers to their cubs. With lion activity remaining high in this part of the reserve, Golonyi has done an excellent job of keeping her young safe, although it remains a constant and never-ending challenge.

Golonyi female leopard cautiously returning to her den site while checking for danger.
Ruan Mey - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE

We quickly picked up the tracks of the Southern Pride moving through the southern section of the reserve. The team discovered an unusual scene: the three Southern Pride lionesses and one N’waswishaka male lion were resting beneath a large Marula tree, while the Mawelawela male leopard remained hidden high in the branches above them.

After a short wait, Mawelawela eventually descended from the tree and attempted to slip past the lions to reach the safety of the nearby thickets. Unfortunately, he was not quick enough. The lions gave chase and caught up with him, but with every ounce of strength he had left, the leopard fought them off before sprinting to the nearest tree, where he climbed to safety.

After not seeing any fresh tracks of Mawelawela since this incident, the team followed up on Monday morning. During the search, it became apparent that he has sadly succumbed to his injuries.

Mawelawela male leopard resting in a tree while lions remain nearby below.
Jana du Plessis - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE
Mawelawela male leopard alert and watchful before attempting to leave the tree.
Jana du Plessis - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE
Portrait of Mawelawela male leopard in the aftermath of a tense encounter with lions.
Jana du Plessis - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE
Mawelawela male leopard perched in a tree seeking refuge from nearby lions.
Jamiel Malherbe - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE

After following tracks heading deeper south into the reserve, we located the lionesses of the Southern Pride resting in an open area and soaking up the first warmth of the morning. One of the lionesses is heavily pregnant, which likely explains the pride's recent movements through this part of their territory as they search for a suitable den site.

If all goes well, we may see new additions to the Southern Pride in the coming months. With the pride currently rebuilding its numbers, the arrival of new cubs would be an important step towards strengthening the pride and securing its future.

Southern Pride lioness resting in an open area while heavily pregnant.
Ruan Mey - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE
Lioness from the Southern Pride soaking up the morning sun in the reserve.
Ruan Mey - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE
Southern Pride lioness resting peacefully as the pride searches for a den site.
Ruan Mey - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE

As the morning warmed up, a N’waswishaka male lion woke up and moved into the sun to warm up after the cold night. Basking in the sun will help the male speed up his digestion by raising his body temperature, and conserve as much energy as possible since they do not need to regulate their own body’s temperature.

N’waswishaka male lion basking in the morning sun after a cold winter night.
Jana du Plessis - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE
Male lion warming himself in sunlight to aid digestion after feeding.
Jana du Plessis - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE

With a set of 30 specialised teeth adapted for hunting and feeding, lions are built to tear meat rather than chew it. These teeth can be divided into three main types, each playing an important role during a feed.

The large canine teeth, which can reach up to 8cm in length, are used to grip and suffocate prey, puncture the skin, and tear chunks of meat from a carcass. Between the canines are the incisors, small front teeth that help scrape and pull meat from bones. Further back in the mouth are the carnassial teeth, formed by specialised premolars and molars. These act like a pair of scissors, slicing large pieces of meat into smaller, more manageable chunks that can be swallowed easily.

Close-up of a N’waswishaka male lion showing powerful teeth adapted for feeding.
Jana du Plessis - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE
N’waswishaka male lion feeding on a large carcass in the reserve.
Jana du Plessis - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE
Male lion tearing meat from a kill using specialised carnassial teeth.
Jana du Plessis - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE

While watching the N’waswishaka male lions feeding on their kill, we heard a series of loud squawks from the trees above. Looking up, we noticed several White-backed Vultures engaging in courtship and mating behaviour.

When vultures locate a carcass, the excitement and social activity that surround a feeding opportunity can stimulate courtship behaviour. As they wait for dominant predators, such as lions, to finish feeding, pairs will often begin mating and establishing roosting or nesting territories nearby.

White-backed Vultures are predominantly monogamous and typically mate for life. They raise a single chick each year and nest in loose colonies of up to 20 pairs, usually in large thorn trees that provide protection for their young from potential predators.

Pair of White-backed vultures engaging in courtship behaviour near a carcass site.
Jana du Plessis - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE
White-backed vultures mating while perched above an active feeding area.
Jana du Plessis - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE

After a week of patiently waiting, the scavengers finally had their opportunity to feed on the large giraffe carcass abandoned by the N’waswishaka male lions in the early hours of the morning. The sounds of feeding and squabbling soon attracted even more scavengers from the surrounding bush as the day progressed. Large carcasses such as this provide a fascinating glimpse into the diversity of scavengers within the ecosystem. Spotted hyenas, Side-striped jackals, Hooded, Cape, White-backed and Lappet-faced vultures, as well as Marabou storks, all arrived to take advantage of the abundant food source.

By consuming carcasses, these scavengers play a vital role in the ecosystem. They help recycle nutrients back into the environment, limit the spread of disease, and prevent the accumulation of decaying biomass throughout the reserve.

Mixed group of scavengers feeding on a giraffe carcass abandoned by lions.
Jana du Plessis - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE
Spotted hyenas and vultures competing for access to a giraffe carcass.
Viviane Ladner - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE
Hyenas feeding while vultures wait nearby at a large scavenging event.
Viviane Ladner - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE
Vultures and hyenas gathered around a giraffe carcass in the Sabi Sand bushveld.
Viviane Ladner - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE
Scavengers feeding on the remains of a giraffe as part of the ecosystem’s nutrient cycle.
Viviane Ladner - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE

 

Southern Ground Hornbills live in territorial family groups of 2–12 individuals, usually consisting of an alpha breeding pair and several helpers. These helpers are typically sub-adult males that remain with the family for up to nine years, assisting with raising chicks, defending the territory, and protecting the nest before eventually leaving to find mates of their own.

We watched as a small family group flew down into a clearing nearby, and we slowly approached to see what had caught their attention. As we got closer, we noticed a juvenile pulling at something in the female’s beak. It was a large snake. The female repeatedly stabbed and flattened the snake with her powerful, dagger-like bill in an attempt to kill it before passing it to the juvenile, which then began swallowing it.

Southern Ground Hornbill handling a snake before feeding it to a juvenile bird.
Jana du Plessis - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE

We watched this African green pigeon perched quietly in a dead tree late in the afternoon, soaking up the last of the sunlight before the cool evening set in. As a frugivore (fruit-eater), it plays an important role in seed dispersal, helping to shape and maintain the bushveld as one of nature’s key gardeners.

African green pigeon perched in a dead tree during the late afternoon.
Ruan Mey - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE

A Lilac-breasted roller perches high on a dead branch in the late afternoon light, its jewel-toned plumage glowing against the sky. From this lookout it watches the ground intently, scanning for insects. When it spots prey, the roller launches in a swift, acrobatic dive and snatches the insect with a precise bill, a hunting style called perch-and-pounce.

Lilac-breasted roller perched high on a branch scanning for insects below.
Ruan Mey - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE

Beneath brooding summer storm clouds, a lone Blue Wildebeest Bull stands defiantly. In the vast expanse of the open lowveld plains, he is unmoving amongst the dancing grass, fluttering leaves and strong winds. His territorial claim unwavering regardless of what the elements may bring.

Blue wildebeest bull standing on open plains beneath dramatic storm clouds.
Devon Jansen - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE

A buffalo bull stands firm in the open, a deathly stare with the steady confidence only an old dagga boy can carry. His heavy frame and scarred horns speak of years spent surviving predators, droughts, and dominance battles. In the bush, few animals command respect quite like a bull that has earned every mark he wears.

Old buffalo bull standing confidently in the bushveld with heavily worn horns.
Devon Jansen - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE

Born with more brown and white stripes, the zebra’s stripes will slowly darken as it grows. With their long legs they are able to keep up with the herd within its first hour of life, and allow them to run around with other young zebras within the herd, building their stamina, agility, social and survival skills.

Young zebra with lighter juvenile stripes standing close to its herd.
Jana du Plessis - SABI SABI PRIVATE GAME RESERVE

Until next time…

Blog by Wendy Claase
Images by Benjamin Loon, Devon Jansen, Jamiel Malherbe, Jana du Plessis, Josh Duffus, Ruan Mey and Viviane Ladner
Videos by Jana du Plessis, Josh Duffus and Viviane Ladner

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